According to the IRS, “To be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, an organization must be organized and operated exclusively for exempt purposes set forth in section 501(c)(3), and none of its earnings may inure to any private shareholder or individual.” In short, it is a charitable organization which can receive donations, and those donations may be considered a write-off for the donor. *This is not a legal definition, unlike the IRS definition in quotes above.

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD) often begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood. It may contribute to low self-esteem, troubled relationships, and difficulty at school or work.

There are three types of ADHD that present themselves differently:

1. Predominantly inattentive – have difficulty sustaining their attention on a task

2.Predominantly hyperactive-compulsive – overactive and have difficulty with organization and multi-step directions

3.Combined – A combination of #1 and #2 above

Social relates to interactions with other people, while emotional relates to feelings and emotions.

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (which includes Asperger’s Syndrome) is a problem that affects a child's nervous system and growth and development. A child with ASD often has problems communicating. He or she may have trouble developing social skills.

A neurological disorder of written expression that impairs writing ability and fine motor skills. Dysgraphia can make it difficult to write legibly.

A learning disorder that involves difficulty reading and is associated with language processing areas of the brain.

Students, children, or youth who give evidence of high achievement capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and who need services and activities not ordinarily provided by the school in order to fully develop those capabilities.

Students who are not achieving to their gifted potential are also known as underachieving gifted learners.

A neurologic condition resulting in an over-active or over-stimulated brain. This extra brain activity affects lots of different areas of functioning including: health and well-being, attention, concentration, behavior, depth perception, and academic performance.

According to Albert Bandura, self-efficacy is, “The belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations." Self-efficacy is a person's belief in his or her ability to succeed in a particular situation.

A learner with both giftedness and any type of disability, including physical (e.g., color blindness), neurological (e.g., ADHD) , and learning disabilities.